Hamlet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 10

Hamlet - Essay Example Perusers will see blemishes of his character in the entirety of his cautious activities and control of occasions and individuals so as to retaliate for the demise of his dad and recover his respect. His activities, one of them faking lunacy, as Shakespeare has appeared, when Hamlet said to Horatio, â€Å"Here, as in the past, never, so help you benevolence, How abnormal or odd soeer I bear myself (As I perchance from this point forward will think meet To put a prank aura on) (1.5.925) was done so as to occupy and confound Claudius and his men. This end up being both of a bit of leeway and a blemish. His tricks purchased Hamlet time to consider what to do so as to control Claudius into admitting, legitimately or in a roundabout way his turn in Hamlet’s father’s demise yet the responses of individuals made him over consider his arrangements of retribution. His capacity to over think, which was appeared in Hamlet’s speech (3.1.1,750) and powerlessness to follow up on things result his will being disabled, sinking to inaction while Claudius rules secure (John Russel, 13) and furthermore came about to his own disarray. His being hesitant and his powerlessness to follow up on his wants, or even the suspension of his arranged activity end up being one of his character imperfections. â€Å"Now may I do it pat, presently he is asking; And now Ill dab. Thus he goes to paradise; And so am I vindicated. That would be scannd: A scoundrel murders my dad; and for that, I, his sole child, do this equivalent scalawag send To heaven† (3.3.2356-2360). This was his opportunity to retaliate for his father’s demise yet he reconsidered about it. He was so influenced by despairing which came about to low confidence and uncertainty in himself that either made him self-destructive as Hamlet said O this also contaminated substance would dissolve, Thaw, and resolve itself into dew, Or that the Everlasting had not fixed His standard against self-butcher (1.2.333-336) or so chafed to turn to kill. How now, a rodent? Dead for a ducat, dead†¦ A bleeding deed - nearly as awful, great mother, As murder a lord and

Accounting Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Bookkeeping - Research Paper Example It is anyway imperative to comprehend that bookkeeping is definitely not an extremely simple subject to increase total understanding upon. It is normally observed as an extremely troublesome exchange to learn and get one’s complete comprehension is connected with his particular premium levels. Basically, bookkeeping is the specialty of appropriately enumerating the budgetary data related with various business elements to fluctuated partners just as supervisors (Cookingham 1989). The job of top administration is additionally significant as it understands the genuine importance of bookkeeping through the figures and insights that are reached upon by the bookkeepers. The difficult work that goes in, in the wake of drawing up bookkeeping records and accounting reports is something that prepares for monetary achievement of associations around the world. Bookkeeping comes to fruition with a legitimate skill of the fiscal summaries which show how cash was utilized regarding the downturn, inspire or some other type of monetary season. The assets utilized by the association are additionally given legitimate accentuation inside the bookkeeping systems in this manner proposing that bookkeeping is straightforwardly relative to the endeavors made by the administration areas (Nichols 2004). Generally, bookkeeping includes a job inside the whole association as various business elements rely upon this field of business for the drawn out development and advancement of the association. Pushing forward with a similar conversation on bookkeeping, one finds that there have been changes to this field of investigation recently also. There have been steady changes just as discount ones, however the reality has remained that bookkeeping has held its place for a serious significant stretch of time now. This will keep on being the situation in the occasi ons to come too since bookkeeping includes a conclusive spot inside the understanding degrees of business substances just as the

Raptr

Raptr INTRODUCTIONMartin: Hi, today we are in Mountain View with Raptr. Dennis, who are you and what do you do?Dennis: My name is Dennis Fong; Im the founder and CEO of Raptr.Martin: And what did you do before youve started this company?Dennis: This is my fourth venture backed company that Ive started. In the very very beginning I was actually the worlds first pro gamer. So, three out of the four companies that Ive started are related to gaming. None of the companies are gaming companies; I dont make games, more gaming platforms. This is my fourth company, two of them we sold for bunch of money and two are still private today.Martin: And can you tell us a little bit about the story and interrelatedness between these four companies. Is there some kind of track or how they build an ecosystem together or something like this?Dennis: Sure. So, all four companies are actually community platforms. I just have the passion around bringing people together. And all four, actually, were created to sol ve my own personal frustrations around something. Obviously, Im very big gamer so I have a lot of frustrations about things that I think could be or could work more smoothly in gaming. Since no one else is trying to solve those things, I say why dont we just go and do that? So, the first one was a company called gamers.com. It was a gaming community, platform and portal. That one was acquired. The second one was called Lithium, if you go to lithium.com, like the battery. Its a community platform for enterprise customers, so we power all of the community solutions for websites like ATT wireless, Verizon, HP, a lot of big companies. That company, I think, about 400-500 employees now. Weve raised probably close to a 150 million dollars in venture capital just for that one company, because were trying to take a public soon. I left that company actually after about 5 years because I really wanted to get back in the gaming. So I started a company called Xfire, which was an instant messeng er design for PC gamers. After two and a half years we were acquired by Viacom and they proceeded to make the best of it. So, about a year or two later, after we were acquired, I left and then I started Raptr, which is also to try to solve kind of the big, fundamental frustrations around PC gaming and that experience.BUSINESS MODEL OF RAPTRMartin: Lets talk about the business model and first starting with the major problems that you identified and which you want to tackle in the gaming industry.Dennis: So, for Raptr I was a worlds first professional gamer and the games that I played were all PC games. I was the world champion of Doom, Doom 2, Quake, Quake 2 etc. Im very very hardcore PC gamer. And anyone that plays PC games knows that, even though clearly its the best platform, its not the easiest and most seamless experience. Its not like an Xbox or a PlayStation where you just go download a game and it instantly works, and works great. In PC gaming, every PC The advantage that an Xbox or console has is that every piece of hardware is the same. Same components, same everything. When the game developer makes the game for the Xbox, as an example, they can optimize it; they can say Were going to make the game look as beautiful as it can, while maintaining 30 frames per second. And once they optimize it once, they dont have to optimize it again, because every piece of hardware is the same. On the PC, almost every single persons PC is different. Theres literally millions of different configurations, people swap their hardware, blablabla, which means the games cannot be optimized for any particular set of hardware. So they leave the optimizations in the hands of the user. But the problem is, the majority of users, at least 85% of PC gamers never touched their settings and optimizations, its either too hard, they dont know enough about it, theyre too lazy, whatever it is. Games dont work that great when you first download it, you have to change your settings, you ha ve to change your resolution, you have to download patches So, part of our goal, the core of what Raptr is about is trying to deliver experience on the PC, thats as easy and seamless and effortless as the console. Thats basically what weve started as and weve added a bunch of stuff on top of that.Martin: And can you walk us through the process of me being a gamer and downloading your software, I suppose, and then installing it and then you optimize my settings? Can you walk us through this process?Dennis: Yes, its a software application primarily, that when you install it, it detects all the games you have installed, all of the hardware that youre using in your PC, all your driver versions, all of that stuff. And then it actually reads and detects, each game has its own set of graphic settings, so anti-aliasing, I cant even say all of them. But theres sometimes up to two dozen different settings that each game individually has, that you can fine tune. So, what we do is we capture al l of that data, record the performance every time you play a game and then, at the end of the session, we actually ship it up to the cloud and then we apply crowd sourcing and machine learning to try to figure out what the optimal setting is for your particular hardware configuration and for the game that youre playing.Martin: And then the user can choose whether he wants your optimized setup or whether he wants to remain his own configuration or do you automatically update the settings, based on your machine learning?Dennis: A user can click optimize all and automatically optimize all their games, theyll see the difference between the settings that theyre currently using and the ones were recommending. If they dont want to use ours, they can just click revert and it will switch it back to theirs. All of our users, and weve had tens of millions of optimizations that were performed for our users, less than 9% revert back to their original. So, we know were providing really good exper ience for at least 91% of the people and we believe that most of that 9% are the really hardcore people that just like to do this stuff. Because, at least 10% of the audience are really hardcore PC gamer, theyre very picky and theres, theyre not going to use the solution that works for most people, they have their own preferences. And so for them, I think they just like to see what were suggesting and how it compares to their own and they just switch it back to their own.Martin: Is there some kind of competitive advantage related for pro gamers, for example, if they use optimized setting, so they maybe can have more frames per second or more actions per minute or something like this?Dennis: We have so for a truly professional gamer for whatever If youre a pro gamer, you generally play one game. Youre not going to be a pro gamer in 10 games. For that one game, they are going to have their own settings; were never going to be great solution for that pro gamer, for that one game that t heyre playing, because they are going to invest a lot of time to figure out whats the best setting for them. Just like if youre a professional golfer, youre going to want your driver at a certain height, what works for ninety something percent of the mass audience, its not going to work for Tiger Woods. Its kind of the same thing. Were not designing our system for pro gamer, what were designing our system for is for someone who doesnt want to invest the time and resources to figure out what is the absolute best settings for them. Now, to answer your other question, which is Is it noticeable?, absolutely, it is noticeable. Because 85% of PC gamers never touch their settings at all. Theyre just using whatever is default, but the default settings are not designed for your particular hardware configuration. So, at least 85% of people are playing sub optimally, which means if you have a decently powerful PC, the game could look much better, it can look much better, the graphic settings c ould be much higher while still maintaining almost the same level of performance. On the other end of the spectrum, you could have maybe 4 or 5 year old PC that, if youre trying to play the latest games, it might be too slow, it feels, its very choppy and there are just a few settings that you can turn down to actually get a pretty decent experience. If you dont do the research, youre not going to know what those are, so what we do, for the lower end systems, well turn down certain settings to help you reach a minimum level of performance. Thats effectively what the core of the Raptr technology does. At least in relation to optimizations.Martin: How is the current revenue model working?Dennis: Its a pretty simple revenue model. Its basically just advertising and we call it CPA. So we get almost two million new users every single month. We have over 30 million users that are currently using Raptr and so we have a pretty good idea, and because of the data that were tracking in order t o perform the optimizations, we know what games you own. We know what games are you capable of playing, we know what games you might like and so you can come to Raptr and if you try any of those games that were recommending to you, we get paid for it.Martin: On a CPA basis?Dennis: Correct. On a CPA basis. And then we have traditional advertising, that we run on Raptr as well. We get paid for that as well.CORPORATE STRATEGYMartin: Lets talk about the corporate strategy. Are there any other competitors out there who are doing something similar or tackling a similar problem?Dennis: You know, we only talked about just one of many things that Raptr does. We also have a whole social platform, think of it as like Xbox live for PC games. Steam does, obviously Steam has, Steam is very popular PC platform. I think they have close to 100 million users now, but Steam is primarily a store first and a community platform second, or maybe even third. Were a community platform first. And Steam gener ally works with games that are on Steam. But guess what, actually, the biggest games in the world, like The League of Legends, Hearthstone, World of Warcraft, Diablo 3, World of Tanks, none of those games are on Steam. It kind of sucks as a PC gamer to have to have Battle.net to talk to your Battle.net friends, Steam to talk to your Steam friends, you have League of Legends to talk to your League of Legends friends, its a bit of a fragmented market. So, were the only agnostic platform that connects you to all of your friends anywhere. In terms of the optimizations, Nvidia actually created software application called the Geforce experience which does something similar for Nvidia customers. So, if you have an Nvidia card, you can download and install the Geforce experience, which optimizes your Geforce video cardMartin: But youre doing it for more than one platform, right?Dennis: We do it for everybody. So, we do it for AMD, Intel, Nvidia, it doesnt matter, so thats number one. And nu mber two, our methodology is completely different. Nvidia has, its manually tested, they have a test lab where they test their video card to cross onto different games, theyll come up with what their recommended setting is and then thats what youll get. Its a great way to start. The problem and the challenge that Nvidia faces is that every single month theres new driver update, which improves performance across all your games, practically every single month there are game updates for any game that you play that improve performance or impacts performance and then, probably once every few months new video cards, new graphics, new CPUs, new hardware and PC platforms just evolve very, very quickly. The problem with being hands tested, coming up with recommendations in the test lab is it doesnt scale. So, maybe when you support a hundred games you can get those out the door and they work fine. But if you want to actually give a really accurate recommendations, at least once every three m onths you have to go through all of those games and all through video cards. So guess what happens when you support 200 games, or 300 games, or 400 games. At some point that breaks. It doesnt scale. Which they are already facing. We support way more games, probably close to 100 more and that gap is widening because, for us, once we add the support, it just kind of learns on its own. The other thing is, because were agnostic, we start off with a test. Its actually test lab driven initially, as well, and we get that database from AMD and Intel and everybody else, so we start off with that, but then we have all our machine learning, we have 30 million+ users, where we are using that data to learn. Its kind of like why Wikipedia is as big and powerful and up to date, thats compared to traditional encyclopedia. Because its driven by the crowd. Thats the fundamental difference. But we actually do support Nvidia card as well and we dont really view them truly as a competitor because Nvidia will never support Intel or AMD. Its just a fundamentally different model for us and our aspirations are very different than Nvidia as well. Nvidia is basically a tool. Thats almost all it does, its basically the optimization stuff, whereas, for us, we do the optimization stuff, and were a community, weve got a bunch other social stuff that bring people together. Nvidia just does that one thing.MARKET DEVELOPMENT GAMING INDUSTRYMartin: Dennis, you have been a pro gamer and Im pretty sure you know a lot of a gaming industry. Lets talk briefly about the gaming industry and the major development. Are there any trends that you can identify in the gaming industry in general?Dennis: The most obvious one that everyones talking about is obviously the trend of that people actually do like to watch other people play games. Anyone that support games knows that a lot of times you were in the same room, you have plenty of fun just watching a buddy over a shoulder playing Counter Strike or some thing. Its actually fun. I think the greater world didnt realized that was a thing until very recently, over the past few years, with the rise of Twitch for live streaming. Twitch just recently got acquired by Amazon for a billion dollars. YouTube, a lot people dont realize that almost 60% of YouTubes viewership, in terms of minutes of people watching videos on YouTube, is actually gaming related. So, more than a half. So, yes, people absolutely like to watch other people play and its definitely a thing. So, I think the rise of games like League of Legends, Dota, Dota 2, all these games are free to play. Theyre fundamentally great games and they are also free and they monetize through the virtual micro transactions and stuff. So you pay for what you want. That model, combined with the rise of a platform like Twitch, it makes it really easy to watch these people play. And the support that companies like Riot, which makes League of Legends, and Valve, that makes Dota 2, have put into eSports. All three of those kind of have Without one of the three, it wouldnt be as big as it is. All three kind of happening at the same time have helped each other turn in it So, for people that dont know, eSports is also a thing. The latest Dota 2 tournament had over 10 million dollars cash. The winning team, which is made up of five people, each one over million dollars. Five million dollars for the first place team. Thats a lot of money. A year ago, the first place team, I believe, split a million dollars among each of them, which is still a lot of money. So, its gotten up almost, I think its close to 10x in a year. So, its a confluence of those things that kind of have helped propel gaming more into the spotlight of the mainstream consciousness.ADVICE TO ENTREPRENEURS FROM DENNIS FONG In Mountain view, we meet founder and CEO of Raptr, Dennis Fong. Dennis talks about his story how he came up with the idea and founded Raptr, how the current business model works, as well as he provides some advice for young entrepreneurs.The transcript of the interview is included below.INTRODUCTIONMartin: Hi, today we are in Mountain View with Raptr. Dennis, who are you and what do you do?Dennis: My name is Dennis Fong; Im the founder and CEO of Raptr.Martin: And what did you do before youve started this company?Dennis: This is my fourth venture backed company that Ive started. In the very very beginning I was actually the worlds first pro gamer. So, three out of the four companies that Ive started are related to gaming. None of the companies are gaming companies; I dont make games, more gaming platforms. This is my fourth company, two of them we sold for bunch of money and two are still private today.Martin: And can you tell us a little bit about the story and interrelatedness bet ween these four companies. Is there some kind of track or how they build an ecosystem together or something like this?Dennis: Sure. So, all four companies are actually community platforms. I just have the passion around bringing people together. And all four, actually, were created to solve my own personal frustrations around something. Obviously, Im very big gamer so I have a lot of frustrations about things that I think could be or could work more smoothly in gaming. Since no one else is trying to solve those things, I say why dont we just go and do that? So, the first one was a company called gamers.com. It was a gaming community, platform and portal. That one was acquired. The second one was called Lithium, if you go to lithium.com, like the battery. Its a community platform for enterprise customers, so we power all of the community solutions for websites like ATT wireless, Verizon, HP, a lot of big companies. That company, I think, about 400-500 employees now. Weve raised proba bly close to a 150 million dollars in venture capital just for that one company, because were trying to take a public soon. I left that company actually after about 5 years because I really wanted to get back in the gaming. So I started a company called Xfire, which was an instant messenger design for PC gamers. After two and a half years we were acquired by Viacom and they proceeded to make the best of it. So, about a year or two later, after we were acquired, I left and then I started Raptr, which is also to try to solve kind of the big, fundamental frustrations around PC gaming and that experience.BUSINESS MODEL OF RAPTRMartin: Lets talk about the business model and first starting with the major problems that you identified and which you want to tackle in the gaming industry.Dennis: So, for Raptr I was a worlds first professional gamer and the games that I played were all PC games. I was the world champion of Doom, Doom 2, Quake, Quake 2 etc. Im very very hardcore PC gamer. And a nyone that plays PC games knows that, even though clearly its the best platform, its not the easiest and most seamless experience. Its not like an Xbox or a PlayStation where you just go download a game and it instantly works, and works great. In PC gaming, every PC The advantage that an Xbox or console has is that every piece of hardware is the same. Same components, same everything. When the game developer makes the game for the Xbox, as an example, they can optimize it; they can say Were going to make the game look as beautiful as it can, while maintaining 30 frames per second. And once they optimize it once, they dont have to optimize it again, because every piece of hardware is the same. On the PC, almost every single persons PC is different. Theres literally millions of different configurations, people swap their hardware, blablabla, which means the games cannot be optimized for any particular set of hardware. So they leave the optimizations in the hands of the user. But the p roblem is, the majority of users, at least 85% of PC gamers never touched their settings and optimizations, its either too hard, they dont know enough about it, theyre too lazy, whatever it is. Games dont work that great when you first download it, you have to change your settings, you have to change your resolution, you have to download patches So, part of our goal, the core of what Raptr is about is trying to deliver experience on the PC, thats as easy and seamless and effortless as the console. Thats basically what weve started as and weve added a bunch of stuff on top of that.Martin: And can you walk us through the process of me being a gamer and downloading your software, I suppose, and then installing it and then you optimize my settings? Can you walk us through this process?Dennis: Yes, its a software application primarily, that when you install it, it detects all the games you have installed, all of the hardware that youre using in your PC, all your driver versions, all of t hat stuff. And then it actually reads and detects, each game has its own set of graphic settings, so anti-aliasing, I cant even say all of them. But theres sometimes up to two dozen different settings that each game individually has, that you can fine tune. So, what we do is we capture all of that data, record the performance every time you play a game and then, at the end of the session, we actually ship it up to the cloud and then we apply crowd sourcing and machine learning to try to figure out what the optimal setting is for your particular hardware configuration and for the game that youre playing.Martin: And then the user can choose whether he wants your optimized setup or whether he wants to remain his own configuration or do you automatically update the settings, based on your machine learning?Dennis: A user can click optimize all and automatically optimize all their games, theyll see the difference between the settings that theyre currently using and the ones were recommend ing. If they dont want to use ours, they can just click revert and it will switch it back to theirs. All of our users, and weve had tens of millions of optimizations that were performed for our users, less than 9% revert back to their original. So, we know were providing really good experience for at least 91% of the people and we believe that most of that 9% are the really hardcore people that just like to do this stuff. Because, at least 10% of the audience are really hardcore PC gamer, theyre very picky and theres, theyre not going to use the solution that works for most people, they have their own preferences. And so for them, I think they just like to see what were suggesting and how it compares to their own and they just switch it back to their own.Martin: Is there some kind of competitive advantage related for pro gamers, for example, if they use optimized setting, so they maybe can have more frames per second or more actions per minute or something like this?Dennis: We have so for a truly professional gamer for whatever If youre a pro gamer, you generally play one game. Youre not going to be a pro gamer in 10 games. For that one game, they are going to have their own settings; were never going to be great solution for that pro gamer, for that one game that theyre playing, because they are going to invest a lot of time to figure out whats the best setting for them. Just like if youre a professional golfer, youre going to want your driver at a certain height, what works for ninety something percent of the mass audience, its not going to work for Tiger Woods. Its kind of the same thing. Were not designing our system for pro gamer, what were designing our system for is for someone who doesnt want to invest the time and resources to figure out what is the absolute best settings for them. Now, to answer your other question, which is Is it noticeable?, absolutely, it is noticeable. Because 85% of PC gamers never touch their settings at all. Theyre just using whatever is default, but the default settings are not designed for your particular hardware configuration. So, at least 85% of people are playing sub optimally, which means if you have a decently powerful PC, the game could look much better, it can look much better, the graphic settings could be much higher while still maintaining almost the same level of performance. On the other end of the spectrum, you could have maybe 4 or 5 year old PC that, if youre trying to play the latest games, it might be too slow, it feels, its very choppy and there are just a few settings that you can turn down to actually get a pretty decent experience. If you dont do the research, youre not going to know what those are, so what we do, for the lower end systems, well turn down certain settings to help you reach a minimum level of performance. Thats effectively what the core of the Raptr technology does. At least in relation to optimizations.Martin: How is the current revenue model working?Dennis: Its a pretty simple revenue model. Its basically just advertising and we call it CPA. So we get almost two million new users every single month. We have over 30 million users that are currently using Raptr and so we have a pretty good idea, and because of the data that were tracking in order to perform the optimizations, we know what games you own. We know what games are you capable of playing, we know what games you might like and so you can come to Raptr and if you try any of those games that were recommending to you, we get paid for it.Martin: On a CPA basis?Dennis: Correct. On a CPA basis. And then we have traditional advertising, that we run on Raptr as well. We get paid for that as well.CORPORATE STRATEGYMartin: Lets talk about the corporate strategy. Are there any other competitors out there who are doing something similar or tackling a similar problem?Dennis: You know, we only talked about just one of many things that Raptr does. We also have a whole social platform, think of it as like Xbox live for PC games. Steam does, obviously Steam has, Steam is very popular PC platform. I think they have close to 100 million users now, but Steam is primarily a store first and a community platform second, or maybe even third. Were a community platform first. And Steam generally works with games that are on Steam. But guess what, actually, the biggest games in the world, like The League of Legends, Hearthstone, World of Warcraft, Diablo 3, World of Tanks, none of those games are on Steam. It kind of sucks as a PC gamer to have to have Battle.net to talk to your Battle.net friends, Steam to talk to your Steam friends, you have League of Legends to talk to your League of Legends friends, its a bit of a fragmented market. So, were the only agnostic platform that connects you to all of your friends anywhere. In terms of the optimizations, Nvidia actually created software application called the Geforce experience which does something similar for Nvidia customers. So, if you have an Nvidia card, you can download and install the Geforce experience, which optimizes your Geforce video cardMartin: But youre doing it for more than one platform, right?Dennis: We do it for everybody. So, we do it for AMD, Intel, Nvidia, it doesnt matter, so thats number one. And number two, our methodology is completely different. Nvidia has, its manually tested, they have a test lab where they test their video card to cross onto different games, theyll come up with what their recommended setting is and then thats what youll get. Its a great way to start. The problem and the challenge that Nvidia faces is that every single month theres new driver update, which improves performance across all your games, practically every single month there are game updates for any game that you play that improve performance or impacts performance and then, probably once every few months new video cards, new graphics, new CPUs, new hardware and PC platforms just evolve very, very quickly. The problem with being hands tested, coming up with recommendations in the test lab is it doesnt scale. So, maybe when you support a hundred games you can get those out the door and they work fine. But if you want to actually give a really accurate recommendations, at least once every three months you have to go through all of those games and all through video cards. So guess what happens when you support 200 games, or 300 games, or 400 games. At some point that breaks. It doesnt scale. Which they are already facing. We support way more games, probably close to 100 more and that gap is widening because, for us, once we add the support, it just kind of learns on its own. The other thing is, because were agnostic, we start off with a test. Its actually test lab driven initially, as well, and we get that database from AMD and Intel and everybody else, so we start off with that, but then we have all our machine learning, we have 30 million+ users, where we are using that data to learn. Its kind of like why Wikipedia is as big and powerful and up to date, thats compared to traditional encyclopedia. Because its driven by the crowd. Thats the fundamental difference. But we actually do support Nvidia card as well and we dont really view them truly as a competitor because Nvidia will never support Intel or AMD. Its just a fundamentally different model for us and our aspirations are very different than Nvidia as well. Nvidia is basically a tool. Thats almost all it does, its basically the optimization stuff, whereas, for us, we do the optimization stuff, and were a community, weve got a bunch other social stuff that bring people together. Nvidia just does that one thing.MARKET DEVELOPMENT GAMING INDUSTRYMartin: Dennis, you have been a pro gamer and Im pretty sure you know a lot of a gaming industry. Lets talk briefly about the gaming industry and the major development. Are there any trends that you can identify in the gaming industry in general?Dennis: The most obvious one that everyones talking about is obviously the trend of that people actually do like to watch other people play games. Anyone that support games knows that a lot of times you were in the same room, you have plenty of fun just watching a buddy over a shoulder playing Counter Strike or something. Its actually fun. I think the greater world didnt realized that was a thing until very recently, over the past few years, with the rise of Twitch for live streaming. Twitch just recently got acquired by Amazon for a billion dollars. YouTube, a lot people dont realize that almost 60% of YouTubes viewership, in terms of minutes of people watching videos on YouTube, is actually gaming related. So, more than a half. So, yes, people absolutely like to watch other people play and its definitely a thing. So, I think the rise of games like League of Legends, Dota, Dota 2, all these games are free to play. Theyre fundamentally great games and they are also free and they monetize through the virtual mi cro transactions and stuff. So you pay for what you want. That model, combined with the rise of a platform like Twitch, it makes it really easy to watch these people play. And the support that companies like Riot, which makes League of Legends, and Valve, that makes Dota 2, have put into eSports. All three of those kind of have Without one of the three, it wouldnt be as big as it is. All three kind of happening at the same time have helped each other turn in it So, for people that dont know, eSports is also a thing. The latest Dota 2 tournament had over 10 million dollars cash. The winning team, which is made up of five people, each one over million dollars. Five million dollars for the first place team. Thats a lot of money. A year ago, the first place team, I believe, split a million dollars among each of them, which is still a lot of money. So, its gotten up almost, I think its close to 10x in a year. So, its a confluence of those things that kind of have helped propel gaming mor e into the spotlight of the mainstream consciousness.ADVICE TO ENTREPRENEURS FROM DENNIS FONGMartin: Dennis, youve started four companies, you learned a lot. Are there any mistakes or learnings that you would like to share with our readers?Dennis: Too many. Making mistakes is part of life. I have this thing that I believe in. This is kind of how I used to play games and how I operate companies, how I manage people. As a startup, you have to take risks because thats fundamentally one of your biggest advantages over a big company, is that you can take bigger risks because you dont have kind of innovators dilemma, where youve got this really successful product and 10s of millions of customers and youre afraid of either eat in your existing business or what have you. So, a startup can move much more quickly, can take more risks, which means that youre going to actually be failing a lot of the time. We launch plenty of features and stuff that no one ever uses, or people dont use for a lo ng time, youre failing. And its actually totally OK to fail. I actually expect people to fail within my organizations, but the key is, those failures, you need to structure them in a way that doesnt cripple your company, thats number one. Number two is you have to learn from your mistakes and not make that same mistake again. So, my only thing that I ever tell anybody when we first hire them is If you make the same mistake twice, youre not going to last here. But, its fine to take those risks. I think making mistakes is part of being a startup. I think being afraid to fail, being afraid to take a risk is actually probably the biggest risk of all.Martin: Is there some kind of mechanism where you share people who made mistakes with other people, so that they can learn and dont do the mistake themselves?Dennis: The organizations, especially in the beginning, are not that big. Everyone learns. The mistake, that I think some entrepreneurs make, is they will be really hard on the people t hat are failing. You have to understand why are they failing, first of all, and what risks they took. If you had very good thesis going in and you took that risk and you failed because maybe it didn’t work out, thats perfectly OK. And you have to be OK with that as a startup, to be willing to take those risks. So, those risks we take every single day, they can be on very small scale or larger scale. Obviously, we will not bet the whole company on one thing. Thats a whole another thing, thats not what Im saying. But you have to take calculated risks and be OK with failing most of the time, because that one time where you took that big risks and it paid off is what might make your company. Its often what makes your company.Martin: Any other learnings that you would like to share?Dennis: I think that the climate here in the Silicon Valley is a little bit different than other parts of the world, potentially. I say the biggest advantage that a startup has also is speed. So, the way I o perate my companies, especially in the earlier days, we move at lightning speed. Its kind of like the Blitzkrieg kind of approach, especially when it comes to hiring. Youve probably heard stories of how difficult it is to hire, because everyone is competing for the same talent. We have a particular methodology that I use at my companies where, we call it the shark awe approach where basically a lot of times Lets say we have an engineer were thinking of hiring. Well typically do one phone screen, a phone interview with them, just high level, try to get sense how smart they are. Weve already looked through their experience in their resume. Assuming that they pass the phone interview, we schedule them to come in. Weve actually booked basically the whole day, so theyre not coming in to meeting one, or two, or three people, weve scheduled out them to meet all of the key people that they need to meet. So, if they are server engineers, an example, theyll have interview scheduled with almo st every single person that they need to meet, every single server engineer that we want an interview with, and by the end of the day, either the VP of engineering in that case, or maybe me will sit down with that person. Basically, if youve made it through the whole day its pretty likely that were going to hire you because at any point of time, any of the people that theyre interviewing with can stop the interview and then theyre done. And they will just walk them out. We just say Set aside the whole day, we dont know how long its going to take so they dont know that they failed per se, unless its the first interview, but they can just stop the interview and theyre done and that, obviously, is a no hirer. If theyve made it through the whole day it means that theyve passed every interview. Basically, by the end of the day, lets say I sit down with them, I give them a sense of what Raptr is about, I give them kind of a pitch of the vision, Ill do a little bit interviewing myself, but at that point I already know, before I walk in, actually, I already know yes or no. So, at the end of the day, I will basically say Hey, can you give me your references right now? Were going to give them a call later tonight. So I actually call their references that night and basically tell them, assuming the references check out, were going to give you an offer some time tomorrow and you need to make a decision whether you want to accept or not within 24 hours after that.Martin: And when is the typical starting date after this?Dennis: Two weeks. We usually give them two weeks because we dont want them to burn bridges with their previous employer. But thats how quickly we move. I literally say Heres the offer and you have 24 hours to accept and I said the reason why we give you 24 hours is not because, some people go like I have my second round or third round interview with Facebook on Friday, next week I have an interview with Google scheduled or whatever, any hot engineers can h ave multiple interviews going on at different stages. Our thing is, were not trying to be assholes by forcing you to make a decision. What we want is people that are extremely exciting and passionate about working at Raptr. So, we know we want you. Most of the times they havent gotten an offer yet from Facebook or whatever, theyre still going through many rounds of interviews. So, what we tell them is that the prospect of maybe getting an offer from Facebook or Google, wherever it is theyre interviewing at, is more interesting and exciting to you than being a part of what were doing, then you should just go do that, because we want people that are passionate about what were doing.Martin: And stay with you for some time?Dennis: Yeah, theyre excited about the vision that were doing, excited about the team that they Because we have a really smart team of people, they usually can get that sense of how excited and how smart our team is. And thats the other thing is, you have to realize f or anyone thats really good, that youre interviewing, its a two-way interview. A lot of people just try to drill them, or whatever, theyre very, they dont realize that theyre interviewing you and how smart your team is, are these people that I want to work with as much as youre interviewing them. So, thats the part of the culture, you have to build as well as to get these people to understand its a two way thing. I can tell you, for example, at Raptr, the first 20 people we hired, we had a 100% close rate. Every single person that we gave an offer to took it. Its unheard of. Ive had that kind of track record with most of my companies, following this approach. Now, the reality is, of course, part of it is, you dont want them to get that offer from Facebook and then have to be like Oh, this ones worth Can you match this offer?, because you never, as a startup, you cant offer them a salary as high as Google or Facebook and any of these guys. So you kind of do want to cut them off befor e they get there. The trick is, of course, putting in If youre like Hey, heres 24 hours because we dont want you to go talk to Google, most of them will be like OK, screw you, forget it, but you have to kind of, a lot of business.Actually, every part of your business, running a company, doing a partnership, marketing, whatever, its actually about putting things in the right context. Actually, most of the time its about context and frame of reference. Like, were negotiating a salary and youre like I need 150 thousand dollars. If I just say No, that may be the breaking point, a walk away point. If I said I cant do that because every single person thats joined our company so far, and people that are far more experienced than you, have agreed to take a pay cut because of how much they believe in what were doing. And if I paid you a 150 thousand dollars, even though I think youre worth it, it breaks the whole model, because everyone here, theres a guy that has 10 years of experience more than you that was making 500 thousand dollars a year at Google, hes making less than 150 thousand dollars, so its kind of weird for me to give you 150 thousand dollar salary. Maybe I can make it work at a 130 thousand dollars if you think that will work for you. That is a very different answer then I cant give you No. It doesnt feel like a negotiation. I use the same thing in everything that we do.So its actually a lot of business is about trying to see things through other peoples eyes. If youre trying to partner with a company, its the same thing. We need to pay $X, and theyre like Well, thats too much and I was like, part of it can be like, I would say Let me just help you understand our cost. Were going to put 10 people on this. Lets just say were trying to do a deal for one million dollars. I can say Look, I think its going to cost us 10 people, a 10 person team, which is 25% of our RD budget towards this for a year. Each person on average is going to cost us 100 thousand doll ars, Silicon Valley is about $10.000 per month per employee, and it’s what it actually costs, generally. So I would say You can do the math. If its 10 people, $10.000 a month, thats a $100.000 a month for that team. Its going to take us a year to build this team. Thats 1.2 million dollars thats going to cost us. So, if youre asking for $X I just want to first help you understand our cost. And then we have to make money. So, a million dollars is not going to cut it. If our cost is 1.2 million dollars, I think reasonable if we make 50%, than its going to be 1.8 million dollars. Lot of people think of negotiation as what they see in the movies, you know like that. While in reality, if you can just help people see a little bit of the context of why youre asking for it, it makes it go a lot more smoothly. Its particularly important when youre hiring, because these are people you have to work with after. So, you cant go to war and have this really contentious negotiation. And a lot of t imes partnerships, sales, deals, whatever it is, its the same, you cant go to war because the next day youre going to have to be friends so youre going to be allies or working together and so you have to help people understand the context of what youre asking for.Martin: Great. Thank you very much, Dennis. And I think we should now start playing games, maybe one on one later on, I dont know. Thank you very much.Dennis: Thank you.

Changes in Reader Opinion on Meursault Throughout Albert...

In Albert Camus’ The Stranger, Meursault is seen as a very unique character, but not in a good way. Throughout the novel, he continually fails to show normal human emotions to things like his mother’s death, Marie’s love, and the man he killed. Most people in his town, along with the reader at first, are not able to reason out his actions but as the final events of the novel unfold, the reader begins to see Meursault in a different light. The novel starts out with Meursault getting a telegram saying that his mother had died. He takes time off work to go to her funeral and completely fail to show the emotion that the reader expects to see of a son towards his recently passed mother. First and foremost, when he arrives, the coffin is†¦show more content†¦The chaplain comes to see Meursault against Meursault’s own wishes and the chaplain tells him that he should turn to God for comfort in his final days. Meursault does not believe in God and he tells this to the chaplain. The chaplain seems so sure about everything in life and about everything that will happen but to Meursault, the only certainty is that everybody dies. If it does not happen today, it will happen tomorrow, and if not tomorrow, then the day after. Life is indifferent to everybody and nothing in it is important unless the person makes it important. There are no pre-set values that everyone must believe in when they are born. The choices a person makes are what define him because existence precedes essence. If someone chooses to value love, then it is important to him or her and he or she should care about it. If someone chooses to believe in God, then He is only important to him or her and only he or she should care about Him. The reason that he did not cry at his mother’s funeral is because he does not believe that this is the appropriate reaction since everybody dies at one point or another. The reason that he said that he probably does not love Marie an d that it is not important, is because he does not have love as one of his values; therefore, he should not care about that emotion. Finally, the reason he did not show remorse for killing the Arab is because he did not feel that emotion. What Meursault does value is the truth. HeShow MoreRelatedThe Stranger by Camus1492 Words   |  6 PagesChristine Walsh Mr. Adams Period 7 AP Language Composition September 17, 2012 â€Å"Everything is true and nothing is true!†: Meursault’s Plague with Human Absurdity in Camus’s The Stranger In accordance with natural human behavior, we feel as though for every action there is a reaction, as well as a reason. We vie to inject logic inside our world because to accept the idea that there is not rationale for anything, including our own existence, is unthinkable. This idea that we unawarely manufactureRead MoreSummary Of The Stranger By Albert Camus1039 Words   |  5 PagesMy silent sustained reading book is The Stranger written by Albert Camus. It was first published by Hamish Hamilton in 1946. Even though the story was written eight decades ago, the message Camus was trying to convey is still pliable to current day. The novel starts off with the narrator, Guy Meursault, just receiving news of his mother’s passing and her funeral that takes place the following day. Meursault shows no signs of remorse over losing his own mother and even refuses to look at his ownRead MoreCrime and Punishment vs. The Stranger1438 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout the novels Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoevsky and The Stranger by Albert Camus, sun, heat, and light play a significant role in the development and understanding of the novel and the characters in it. Upon the initial reading of The Stranger, the reader may have a general acknowledgment of a relationship between the novel’s protagonist, Mersault, and the sun and heat, either proceeding or following one of the novels significant events. What is harder to understand on the first readRead MoreHow to Accept Death in The Stranger by Albert Camus2492 Words   |  10 Pagesthat every person must deal with at least once in their life. The idea of how to accept death can be different for every person. No one deals with death in the same way. Many award winning novels like, The Stranger and Tuesdays With Morrie have a common theme of how to accept death and the changes that come along with it. Many Emily Dickinson poems also have a common theme of accepting death. All of these literary works have a common theme, but the theme is portrayed very differently. The charactersRead MoreStranger2325 Words   |  10 PagesDiscussion Questions for The Stranger (1946); translated by Matthew Ward, 1988. Part One Chapter 1. 1. How does Camus set up Meursaults personality -- how does Meursault respond to others conversation, to ordinary social situations, and to the death of his mother? 2. On page 10, Meursault says that at the viewing of his mother, he felt as if the elderly people there were judging him. Offer a conjecture about why he might have had that feeling. (It is worth paying attention to such references to

Population Growth and Economic Development - 2581 Words

POPULATION GROWTH AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT The consequences of population growth on economic development have attracted the attention of economists ever since Adam smith wrote his Wealth of nations. It was only Malthus and Ricardo who created an alarm about the effect of population growth on the economy. Population and Economic Development However, the consequences of population growth on the development of LDCs are not the same because the conditions prevailing in these countries are quite different from those in the developed economies. These economies are poor, capital scarce and labor abundant. Population growth adversely affects their economic development in the following ways, first faster population growth makes the choice more†¦show more content†¦These have to be imported which accentuate the balance of payments difficulties. Thus growth of population retards agricultural development and creates a number of other problems discussed above. Population and Employment A rapidly increasing population plunges the economy into mass unemployment and underemployment. As population increases the proportion of workers to total population rises. But in the absence of contemporary resources, it is not possible to expand jobs. The result is that with the increase in labor force unemployment and underemployment increase. A rapidly increasing population reduces income, savings, and investment. Thus capital formation is retarded and job opportunities are reduced, thereby increasing unemployment. Population and social Infrastructure Rapidly growing population necessitates large investments in social infrastructure and divers resources from directly productive assets. Due to scarcity of resources, it is not possible to provide educational, health, medical, transport and housing facilities to the entire population. There is overcrowding everywhere. Population and Labor Force The labor force in an economy is the ratio of working population to the total population. Assuming 50 years as the average life expectancy in an underdeveloped country, the labor force is in effect the number of people in the age group 15 – 50 years. During the demographicShow MoreRelatedPopulation Growth and Economic Development1152 Words   |  5 PagesDO LARGE POPULATION A KEY TO ECONOMIC PROGRESS Introduction: Thomas Malthus in his published book â€Å"An Essay on the Principle of Population† claimed that there is a tendency for the population growth rate to surpass the production growth rate because population increases at a geometrical rate while production increases at an arithmetic rate. Thus, the unfettered population growth in a country could plunge it into acute poverty. However, the pessimist view has proven unfounded for developed economiesRead MoreThe Development Of The World Population1528 Words   |  7 Pageslong history, the development of the world population directly depends on the mode of social production, especially the level of development of productive forces. In the history, mankind got the tremendous progress in productivity often with the population rapid develop. In the primitive society, the primitive society s population birth rate and the mortality rate all maintained at about 50% because of the objective law and the social production mode. The number of the population maintain in a stateRead MoreBarriers to Economic Development in Ghana1431 Words   |  6 PagesEconomic development has to occur after a period of sustained economic growth. It is therefore the growth in total economic output accompanied by changes in the structure of the economy. There are many barriers to economic development in Ghana. 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This paper will examine China’s economic development through the stagesRead MoreThe Between Science, Policy And Sustainability1103 Words   |  5 Pagesthat there are limits to growth is not new to science. The debate that exponential population growth and economic growth, coupled with natural resources depletion, cannot be sustained has started alr eady a few centuries ago with a ground-breaking publication: â€Å"Essay on the principle of population† Thomas Malthus in 1798. With more scientific knowledge developed around this debate, a reverse strategy was formed on the international political agenda called Sustainable Development, and nowadays became aRead MoreChinese Economic Development And Structure Problem986 Words   |  4 Pages Chinese economic development and structure problem Key question: China s economy, (China s economic have increased of Efficiency Analysis .) China s economic high speed growth can be remained? PESTEL China s economic have increased of Efficiency Analysis . After Chine revolution , Chinese economic have increase very fast , take GDP for a example,after economic revolution , about annual growth rate have keep or more than double-digit , this is very crazy. However ,according to the explainRead MoreUrbanization in India1258 Words   |  5 Pagessuggested issues with India’s limiting urbanization policies that jeopardize its potential for growth and employment. If India’s physical expansion is left unattended, this will deplete its available resources, and lead to economic, social, and environmental challenges (Hardoy, Diana, Satterthwaite, 2001). Although India’s physical expansion has already led to many such challenges, the optimism of economic development in its cities, and the hope for welfare, persists in many economists. If â€Å"handled wellRead MoreComparing Tokyo And Auckland s Development1569 Words   |  7 Pagesdiscuss Tokyo and Auckland’s development (1880-1930), outlining pressures and opportu nities created by technology advancements and how Tokyo is caused by urbanisation, comparing with Auckland. Tokyo’s population is approximately 13.35million with rapid urban growth. The land area of Tokyo is approximately 2,187km2. Tokyo was first established in 1869. Tokyo was originally named Edo (small fishing village) in early 1800’s. Tokyo was a part of the Musashi Province development. The early-18th century,

Wound Management Free Essays

string(46) " May lead to odour/ infection if not removed\." HLTEN506B Apply Principles of Wound management in the clinical environment Assessment 2 – Short answer questions Define a wound A wound is a break in the integument or underlying structures that results from physical, mechanical or thermal damage or develops as a result of an underlying disorder. List the functions of the skin Functions of skin includes: a) Protection – An anatomical barrier from pathogens and damage between the internal and external environment in bodily defense. b) Sensation – Contains a variety of nerve endings that jump to heat and cold, touch, pressure, vibration, and tissue injury. We will write a custom essay sample on Wound Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now ) Thermoregulation – Eccrine glands and dilated blood vessels aid heat loss, while constricted vessels greatly reduce cutaneous blood flow and conserve heat. Erector pill muscles in mammals adjust the angle of hair shafts to change the degree of insulation provided by hair or fur. d) Control of evaporation – The skin provides a relatively dry and semi-impermeable barrier to fluid loss. e) Absorption – Oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide can diffuse into the epidermis in small amounts. f) Water resistance – Act as a water resistant barrier so essential nutrients aren’t washed out of the body. The skin has three (3) layers, name these three layers and give a brief description of each layer. 1) Epidermis – Provides waterproofing and serves as a barrier to infection, also helps the skin regulate body temperature. 2) Dermis – Serves as a location for the appendages of skin. It provides tensile strength and elasticity to the skin through an extracellular matrix composed of collagen fibrils, microfibrils and elastic fibers, embedded in proteoglycans. 3) Hypodermis – Attach skin to underlying bone and muscle as well as supplying it with blood vessels and nerves. It consists of loose connective tissue and elastin. Name phases of wound healing and give an explanation of what occurs in each phase. I. Inflammatory Phase – Immediate to 2-5 days; Hemostasis (Vasoconstriction, Platelet aggregation, Thromboplastin makes clot); Inflammation (Vasodilation, Phagocytosis ) II. Proliferative Phase – 2 days to 3 weeks; Granulation (Fibroblasts lay bed of collagen, Fills defect and produces new capillaries); Contraction (Wound edges pull together to reduce defect); Epithelialization (Crosses moist surface, Cell travel about 3 cm from point of origin in all directions) III. Remodeling Phase – 3 weeks to 2 years; new collagen forms which increases tensile strength to wounds; Scar tissue is only 80 percent as strong as original tissue. Many wounds that are in the inflammatory phase of wound healing are often mistaken for being infected. Why is this so? How can we determine whether the wound is infected of in the infected or in the inflammatory phase? Both type of wounds look similar in appearance. The inflammatory phase is a vital stage in the wound-healing process, without which healing will not progress. Inflammation is apparent in all wounds at some point. However, its presence may also signal the onset of infection, an allergic reaction or dermatitis. When assessing infected wounds, some groups of people will not produce the classical symptoms associated with wound infection. In this instance we should look for additional signs. For example, a person with diabetes may also fail to produce the classical symptoms of infection owing to reduced neutrophil activity. What is your understanding of granulation and epithelialisation? Granulation is a part of the healing process in which lumpy, pink tissue ontaining new connective tissue and capillaries forms around the edges of a wound. Granulation of a wound is normal and desirable. Epithelialisation is the natural act of healing dermal and epidermal tissue in which epithelium grows over a wound. Epithelium is a membranous tissue made up of one or more layers of cells that contains very little intercellular substance. In your own words explain your understanding of the term â€Å"wound manag ement†. Wound management is the evaluation, treatment, and prevention of open injuries. It includes short team/ long team goals. What is meant by the following terms? ) Healing by primary intention – Primary intention healing is healing of a wound where the wound edges heal directly touching each other. This result in a small line of scar tissue, the goal whenever a wound is sutured closed. In primary intent healing, the goal is to minimize the need for granulation tissue by holding wound edges tightly together. This way, scarring is minimized. 2) Secondary intention – may be the only possibility if the wound is infected or contaminated. In this case, the wound edges cannot be held together because the infection would grow in the space between. The wound is instead left open to fill with granulation tissue, and the granulation tissue will subsequently turn into scar tissue. This is not ideal, because scar tissue contracts significantly as it matures, often times resulting in cosmetic or disfiguring problems. However, if contamination or infection is bad enough, healing by primary intent may not be an option. 3) Tertiary intention – This type of wound healing is also known as â€Å"delayed† or â€Å"secondary closure† and is indicated where there is a reason to delay suturing or closing a wound some other way, for example when there is poor circulation to the injured area. These wounds are closed later. Wounds that heal by tertiary intention require more connective tissue (scar tissue) than wounds that heal by secondary intention. An example of a wound healing by tertiary intention is an abdominal wound that is initially left open to allow for drainage but is later closed. List seven (7) things that we document about a client’s wound. 1) Length of the wound 2) Width of the wound 3) Depth of the wound 4) Exudate amount and type 5) Pain score 6) Swap taken 7) Surrounding skin status Wounds can be described by their color. What are the five (5) colors used to describe the wounds and what does each color mean? ) Black – Necrotic – Caused by presence of dehydrated dead tissue. May extend over the whole wound or be confined to a single area. Prolongs wound healing and may harbor infection. 2) Yellow – Slough – Caused by dead cellular debris. May lead to odour/ infection if not removed. You read "Wound Management" in categor y "Papers" Prolongs healing process if not removed. 3) Green – infected – Excessive, purulent and malodorous exudate. Clinical signs of infection present. Prolongs healing process. 4) Red – granulation – Bright red, moist in appearance as capillary loops develop from wound base. Extremely fragile, trauma delays healing process. ) Pink – epithelialisation – Pink-white tissue at wound margins or as islands within the wound. List five (5) things that need to be documented about a wound’s exudate. 1) Amount 2) Type 3) Swab 4) Smell 5) Colour When assessing a wound it is important to look at the surrounding skin. Why is this so? Make sure it is not affecting the surrounding skin. Wound is healing towads the middle but not towards the edge of the wound. Most pressure ulcers can be prevented. Suggest three (3) preventative measures that you as an enrolled nurse can put into place to prevent pressure ulcers in your older clients. ) Pressure a rea care – change of positions for patient regularly 2) Encourage patient to mobile to regulate blood flow 3) Correctively use of pressure sockings Describe four (4) stages of pressure ulcers. 1) Stage I – Non-blanchable erythema of intact skin the heralding lesion of skin ulceration. In individuals with darker skin, discoloration, warmth, edema, induration, or hardness may be indicators. 2) Stage II – Partial thickness skin loss involving epidermis, dermis, or both. The lesion is superficial and presents clinically as an abrasion, blister, or shallow center. ) Stage III – Full thickness skin loss involving damage or necrosis of subcutaneous tissue that may extend down to, but not through, underlying fascia. The sore presents clinically as a deep crater with or without undermining of adjacent tissue. 4) Stage IV – Full thickness skin loss with extensive destruction, tissue necrosis, or damage to muscle, bone, or supporting structures. There are man y factors that delay wound healing. Please define extrinsic and intrinsic factors that prevent wound healing and give five (5) examples of each. 1) Extrinsic – impinge on the patient from the external environment. Examples: Mechanical stress, Debris, Temperature, Desiccation and maceration, Infection. 2) Intrinsic – directly affect the performance of body functions through the patient’s own physiology or condition. Examples: Health status, age factors, body build, Nutritional status, Systemic diseases. Moist healing has been shown to be significantly more effective that dry healing. Give an example of when moist healing is not recommended. Necrotic digits due to ischaemia and / or neuropathy should be kept dry or monitored very closely. What is the key to preventing nosocomial infections? Infection control. E. g. Good hand hygiene practice that is effective and promotes compliance, such as the use of alcohol-based products, is important in preventing nosocomial infection. How long does a routine hand wash take? Around 15 seconds. From your research provide information about the following dressing product types. Give an explanation of how each dressing type works and provide an example of the type of wound it may be used on. 1) Alginates – it can promote autolytic debridement of the wound. Alginates have the unique ability to absorb up to 20 times their weight in fluid, depending on the manufacturer. Depending on the type of seaweed species from which the alginate is made, the dressing may either gel or swell in the wound after absorption of wound fluid. Calcium alginates tend to swell, whereas sodium alginates tend to dissolve or gel in the wound bed. Wound type: Cavity wounds 2) Films – can be used to cover and protect catheter sites and wounds, to maintain a moist environment for wound healing or to facilitate autolytic debridement, as a secondary dressing, as a protective cover over at-risk skin, to secure devices to the skin, to cover first and second degree burns, nd as a protective eye covering. Wound type: Pressure Ulcers 3) Foams – antimicrobial foam dressings provide an ideal healing environment by simultaneously managing moisture and bacteria in the dressing. As the foam dressing absorbs exudate, a powerful yet safe antiseptic, targets and kills bacteria on contact. Wound type: Heavily exudating wound 4) Hydrocolloid – works to absorb the exudate f rom a wound and convert it to a gel that is either stored within the dressing, or  pushed through the surface of the dressing away from the wound itself. Wound type: can be used very appropriately on dry wounds as any slight moisture produced by the skin creates a gel that in turns helps to keep the skin’s surface in that area soft and supple, aiding in healing. 5) Hydrogel – Wound gels are excellent for helping to create or maintain a moist environment    Some hydrogels provide absorption, desloughing and debriding capacities to necrotic and fibrotic tissue. Wound type: loughy or necrotic wounds What are primary and secondary dressings? Primary: are applied directly to a wound and may contain some medication. Secondary: secure the primary wound dressing in place. They are not secondary in importance, for if the primary wound dressing cannot be kept or applied where intended, then no matter what is placed on the wound might not work. State two (2) types of leg ulcers giving an explanation of the clinical signs of each one. 1) Venous – swollen ankles filled with fluid that temporarily hold the imprint of your finger when pressed (known as pitting oedema); discolouration and darkening of your skin around the ulcer (known as haemosiderosis); hardened skin around the ulcer, which may make your leg eel hard and resemble the shape of an upside-down champagne bottle (known as lipodermatosclerosis), small, smooth areas of white skin, which may have tiny red spots (known as atrophie blanche) 2) Arterial – patient will experience an increase in a cramp like pain due to the reduction in arterial blood supply. It can also be presented on leg elevation. If the reduction in blood supply le ft untreated, it can cause death of tissue in the area being fed by the affected artery. The limb will appear pale and there will be a noticeable lack of hair. When wound you not use compression bandaging as a treatment for a leg ulcer? Arterial ulcers – treatment is often urgent. Compression bandages must not be used, as this will reduce the blood supply even further. Surgery may be needed to clear out the blocked artery (angioplasty). In some cases, the section of blocked artery may require surgical replacement (by-pass surgery). In severe cases, the lower leg may have to be amputated. How do you know if a wound product is working? The wound has signs of improvement such as growth of new tissues/ minimising of exudate. At what point does an acute wound become a chronic wound? In healthy individuals with no underlying factors an acute wound should heal within three weeks with remodeling occurring over the next year or so. If a wound does not follow the normal trajectory it may become stuck in one of the stages and the wound becomes chronic. Chronic wounds are thus defined as wounds, which have failed to proceed through an orderly and timely process to produce anatomic and functional integrity, or proceeded through the repair process without establishing a sustained anatomic and functional result. So Chronic wounds are stuck in either prolonged inflammatory stage or proliferative stage. Many clients experience pain in and around the site of their wound. List facts that need to be included in pain assessment and provide some examples of things that can be done to reduce a client’s pain. In the pain assessment, we should assess the wound and document the pain score that the patient is experiencing. Also, we need to record the description of the pain (i. e. burning, tingling, stabbing etc. ) and will the pain affect the healing process. Furthermore, we also need to document how we treat the pain. Such as medication or any therapy that has been used. There are things that we can do to reduce a client’s pain: * Cover the wound to protect it from further injury. * Change the bandage daily, and keep the wound clean to prevent infection. * Take ibuprofen or acetaminophen to ease initial wound pain. If pain lasts for more than a day or two, consult your doctor. * For a foot or ankle wound, stay off your feet as much as possible to ease pain and encourage healing. * Be sure to get plenty of sleep and follow a healthy diet to help your body heal. How to cite Wound Management, Papers

Residence and Resources

Question: Discuss whether Kit is a resident of Australia and how his salary and investment income would be taxed. Answer: Case Study 1 Issue In this case, the first aim is to determine the tax residency status of a Chilean citizen Kit as per the given information and the second aim is to find the various tax treatments available in an Australian tax law for the derived income of Kit from various sources. Rule The tax treatment of a taxpayer in Australia depends on the residency of that person in terms of the deductions available and also the sources of income contributing to the assessable income. The taxation consideration extended for an Australian tax resident is in regards to the various sources of income. These sources also play a pivotal role in the examination of the extent of tax liability. The conditions to be satisfied for tax residency are described in section 6 (1) ITAA, 1936. In addition to that, tax ruling TR 98/17 provides various tests that can test the tax residency status of a person, with significant conditions (Sadiq et. al., 2015). A brief discussion about these tests is carried out as follows (ATO, 1998). 1) Superannuation test This test applies to those officers who are on frrign deputation and hence are not covered by any other test. For Australian tax residency status, it is required that the individual must contribute to either the Public Sector Superannuation Scheme or the Commonwealth Superannuation Scheme on a regular basis. Besides this, it is also required that the individual must contribute to these schemes on regular basis (Sadiq et. al, 2015). 2) 183 day test There are basically two specified conditions that need to be fulfilled by the given taxpayer to secure tax residency through this test (Gilders et.al., 2015). The concerned taxpayer must reside on the land of Australia for the minimum time period of 183 days in the assessment period. The intention of the taxpayer to settle in Australia going ahead without reference to whether it actually happens or not. 3) Domicile test This test is usually used when the taxpayer has Australian domicile and living outside from Australia because of personal or professional commitments. In this test, there are two imperative conditions that need to be satisfied by the taxpayer in order to confirm the tax residency status (Gilders et. al., 2015). The concerned taxpayer must have a domicile of Australia as per Domicile Act 1982. The taxpayer must have his/her permanent abode situated in Australian territory. As per the information provided by tax ruling IT2m650, the location of permanent abode of the taxpayer is a major concern that can be significantly examined using the factors highlitghted in the ruling (ATO, 1991). 4) Residency test There are no specified conditions available for this test that can be directly applied to the taxpayer to determine the tax residency status. Therefore, the final judgments of the court in relevant case along with tax rulings are the only source to spot the critical factors (Barkoczy, 2015). In this test, the citizenship of the taxpayer plays a vital role along with the relative magnitude of the taxpayer in regards to personal or professional bond and social relationship within Australia and with the country of origin. The time period, frequency and purpose of foreign visit are critical especially if the visiting place is a country of origin also the location of the stay of the taxpayer as a permanent residence. Application 1) Superannuation test This test is not applicable because Kit is not an officer and did not involve in the schemes described earlier also he did not live in Indonesia due to any Australian governments commitments. 2) 183-day test As per the given information, it can be concluded that Kit did not stay in Australia for 183 days in a financial year. Hence, Kit has not passed this test. 3) Residency test In this case, it is given that Kit is possessing Chilean citizenship, although; he is a PR of Australia. However, he is working on the coast of the Indonesia because of professional commitment. In other hand, Kit is having a house in Australia where his family resides also he has a joint bank account with his wife in an Australian bank where he receives his salary. After considering all the respective factors, it can be said that Kit is having tax residency in Australia. 4) Domicile test As Kit is an Australian PR as per the given specification, but due to professional commitment with a US based company, he is bound to work outside Australia. Kit satisfies both the imperative conditions of Domicile act . Kit has an domicile of Australia since he has the PR of Australia. Kit frequently visits Australia to meet his family after each three months of his work in Indonesia. Kit or his wife is not having any intention to settle in the foreign territory or in the country of origin on the permanent or temporary basis and hence has a permanent residence in Australia. After discussing all the tests shown above, it can be concluded on the basis of Domicile test and Residency test that Kit is recognized as a tax resident of Australia. Since, Kit is recognized as a tax resident of Australia, thus, the income received from various sources i.e. domestic and foreign would be considered for tax purpose. In this case study, two major sources of income have been discussed namely dividend income coming from his shares in his country of origin i.e. Chile and his salary coming from working in the oil rig neat Indonesia. Thus, the salary and shared would be considered for taxation purpose and hence, would be taxed as per the section 6(5) ITAA 1997. Also, if the market price of these shares goes high and shares are liquidated, then also the income would be treated as capital gains and levied capital gains tax. References Barkoczy,S 2015.Foundation of Taxation Law 2015,7th edn, CCH Publications, North Ryde Deutsch, R, Freizer, M, Fullerton, I, Hanley, P, Snape, T 2015. Australian tax handbook, 8th edn, Thomson Reuters, Pymont Gilders, F, Taylor, J, Walpole, M, Burton, M. Ciro, T 2015. Understanding taxation law 2015, 8th edn, LexisNexis/Butterworths. Sadiq, K, Coleman, C, Hanegbi, R, Jogarajan, S, Krever, R, Obst, W, and Ting, A 2015,Principles of Taxation Law 2015,8th edn, Thomson Reuters, Pymont.

Beep free essay sample

â€Å"Beep,† the car screeched and a middle-aged man popped his head out of the window and yelled at me then drove off. That car horn marked the beginning of a realization that the decisions we make and the paths in life we choose to follow should be reflections of what kind of people we are and what we want instead of what we think people around us will like or approve of. The more I looked at the picture the more I gained insight into my life. Rain drops hit my head as if in attempt to make a hole in it. I was walking home from school. I do not know if I was crying or it was just the rain running down my eyes. I had tried my best but still we had not won. The time was ticking with only 2 minutes left on the clock the score was 42 for us and 44 for them. We will write a custom essay sample on Beep or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In the blink of an eye, the opposing team made a score and now they were leading with 4 points. I took the ball out and passed it to our point guard. As she dribbled the ball I kept on thinking it’s now or never. She skillfully dribbled past all the defenders and scored a basket. With One minute and forty seconds remaining â€Å"Prrrrt!† The referee blew the whistle it was time out. Grabbing a bottle of water, I drank as some splashed to the side. The coach signaled us in. â€Å"This is it girls† and with those four words he let us go. No final game plan, nothing. The game began and the clock was ticking. The opposing team tried to score a three-pointer and I jumped up to get the rebound. I made a quick bounce pass and swish we scored. It was a tie 46-46. We all raised our hands high playing in the defensive position. We could not let them make a basket. Only 20 seconds left, one of the players from the other team got the ball and was about to make a lay-up. Without thinking twice I stood in front of her and tripped her. The sound I was dreading, the referee blew the whistle, and it was a foul. I crossed my fingers hoping and praying that she does not make any of her shots. We all stood in position. The silence was so intense that it could put a cemetery to shame. She dribbled the ball, arched her body, positioned her arm and then swish, the ball left her hand and hit the rim and fell to the side. I took a deep breathe , but she still had one more chance. She took three dribbles, looked up, dribbled again looked up, placed the ball in her hands, arched her body then up she went. All our eyes rolled with the ball, it hit the rim and rolled around it and then went in. I could not bear to look at my team mates; I had cost them a championship. We all just left the fifteen seconds pass by. The clock stopped and it was game over. Everyone stood in line, greeted the other team and walked off. I ran out of the gym and into the rain. I just could not forgive myself for what I had done; I had let my emotions take over. walking with my head bent down sulkily kicking the mud beneath of my feet, a car passed nearby me and screeched beeping its horns. A man popped his head out the car beeping and yelling at me but my heart was beating quickly not believing the near death experience I had just had. While the driver drove away, I started thinking of how I was disappointed at the game we lost, it was nothing compared to all the issues of life. I now understood that, I had a right to be disappointed but it was not a good enough reason to stop living we will always face ups and down in life, we just have to recognize how to deal with them.

Order, Search, and Sort MySQL Data

Order, Search, and Sort MySQL Data When you query a MySQL database, you can sort the results by any field in an ascending or descending order just by adding ORDER BY at the end of your query. You use ORDER BY field_name ASC for an ascending sort (which is the default) or ORDER BY field_name DESC for a descending sort. You can use an ORDER BY clause in a SELECT statement, SELECT LIMIT or DELETE LIMIT statement. For example: SELECT * FROM addressORDER BY name ASC; The code above retrieves data from an address book and sorts the results by the persons name in an ascending fashion. SELECT email FROM addressORDER BY email DESC; This code selects only the email addresses  and lists them in descending order. Note: If you dont use an ASC or DESC modifier in the ORDER BY clause, the data is sorted by expression in ascending order, which is the same as specifying ORDER BY expression ASC.

Culture and Psychology week1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Culture and Psychology week1 - Essay Example According to Browne and Keeley (2010) when we use critical thinking, we are moving forward in decision making. Gambrill agrees with this statement because counselors have to use critical thinking in order to make better decisions. As an example, a decision based on someone’s opinion is not be as grounded as one that is based on the counselor’s ability to critically think. Browne and Keeley also state that when we use critical thinking, we are better writers, thinkers and speakers. This to me means that we are not going off on tangents that can be clearly defined as opinion; instead, we have a basic foundation for what we are writing, thinking or speaking. B. Implications for not questioning information When a counselor does not question information, they are leaving themselves open for misinformation. They may not find all the information that is necessary to help with a diagnosis for the client. I liked the idea of the panning for gold technique that Brown and Keeley m entioned because when I thought about panning for gold, it means that someone is going through a lot of information to discern the small nuggets of information that have the best value. For me, this is what is being done when we are looking for information to help our clients. References Browne, M. N., & Keeley, S. M. (2010). Asking the right questions: A guide to critical thinking (9th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. Gambrill, E. D. (2005). Critical thinking in clinical practice: improving the quality of judgments and decisions. NJ: John Wiley & Sons. Retrieved from http://books.google.com    The topic for my capstone will be addiction as it applies to teenagers. I find that many teens are addicted to one or more of the following: drugs, alcohol or porn. Many teens see porn as something that is unique and interesting, and because it has to do with sex, they think that it something they are getting away with. However, this can lead teens into thinking that sex is more about hurting someone than about love. Many teens see their parents drinking, smoking or using drugs, which often makes them curious. They want to know what their parents are doing and why they are behaving in different ways. Sometimes, teens are trying drugs, alcohol or smoking because their friends are doing it and they do not want to be left behind. Currently, there are 22.6 million teens who are dealing with some form of addiction and about 35 million families who have children who are at risk for some form of addiction (Christian Broadcasting Network, 2008). This lets us know that teenagers are in trouble and that something must be done to help them. Timeline Week Assignment 1 Identify the topic of the timeline after reading many articles. 2 Read information on the topic 3 Read information in textbook, journal articles, books 4 Spend several hours online finding articles for the topic 5 Collect literature articles for literature review 6 Summarize and critique the coll ected sources 7 Begin a draft of the capstone 8 Write the first few sections 9 Identify and write the main solution to the paper 10 Finish draft of capstone; edit draft 11 Finish final draft of capstone and turn it in. References Christian Broadcasting Station. (2008). Teens and addiction. Retrieved from

Exam 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Exam 2 - Essay Example Restriction on occupying white land was another driver to the revolution agenda. The fact that the colonialists restricted the activities that could be carried out by the people, it was definite that settlement was also unbalanced (Tidal and Shi 77). There were areas restricted to entry and occupation this had to be resisted as it made others feel that they were inferior and sidelined thus triggering resistance that lead to reforms. The weight of taxation fell on the back of the people. This, however, never performed its task as expected by the people. Thus, the re developed zero tolerance to the high and unfair system of taxation. The government had to model an acceptable taxation system. The end result in this case was reforms that were to benefit the people and relieve them of the unfair governance as had been manifested before. Debts to the merchants of Europe prompted loyalty prevalence among the two countries. The resultant event that followed was revolution so as to improve terms of relation. There had to be a good government to ensure proper use and settling of the debt. Thus, the government had to set up reforms in the manner that it was called for. Development of national consciousness throughout due to the advancement in knowledge also leads to the revolution. The people became more aware and concerned about their rights. As a result, they pressed on for issues that they felt were not in order to the positive. This became so massive that reforms were inevitable. The whole system had to do things the right way so that the people could see the benefits associated with every action. The fact that the people became more watchful was a sign of enlighten that played a big role in revolution. Conflict of class also came in as other people were sidelined. The rich felt that this was not the right way to go, they had to find a way of sharing the powers as such they pushed for the reforms. Revolutionary conspiracy took center

Management In Retail Asda Information Technology Essay

Management In Retail Asda Information Technology Essay The wide spread growth of business which consists of several functionalities lead to the invention of Enterprise resource planning system with better customer management system.. Also the increased use of computers and internet has encouraged many organizations to do business online. Most of the businesses try to interact with their potential and existing customers through internet via opinions on blogs, online discussion forums, and consumer product review websites. Any organization with a close consumer base like the should think how to use web 2.0 applications to enhance the business. Especially the large retail companies with large customer base should use the latest technologies like web 2.0 to be competitive and to provide better customer service. Currently many large retail organizations like many large-scale supermarkets have managed to incorporate Enterprise resource planning in to their business. Further, the customer management plays a very critical role on the success of those businesses. The organizations, which are providing excellent customer service, have better competitive advantage over the others who do similar businesses. A brief introduction about Enterprise Resource Planning, Customer service management and Web 2.0 will help the readers to understand the research better. Firstly, ERP, which is an abbreviation for Enterprise Resource Planning, which is basically an integration of business management practices and modern technology. Information Technology (IT) is integrated with the other business processes such as Human resources, Finance etc in order to achieve the business objectives of the company. ERP consists of three most important components; Business Management Practices, Information Technology and Specific Business Objectives. Moreover, it is a huge software architecture, which helps to integrate information of the functional units of large businesses that are geographically scattered. . Customer management system aimed at improving the relationship between enterprises and customers. Many companies, to learn more about the customer needs and behaviors in order to build a strong relationship with them. This process also help those companies to gather information about customers, sales, marketing effectiveness, responsiveness and market trends which will help them to be competitive in their businesses. This dissertation will critically analyse the impact of Customer Relationship Management in ASDA and to analyse the ways in which it can be successfully used to gain competitive advantage. The answer is sought through a comprehensive analysis of the retail companies such as large supermarkets that uses Information Technology and engaged in Customer Relationship Management to improve their businesses. . Further, Expert opinions in regard to this subject, through interviews and questionnaires, will be sought from those companies to suggest new ways to enhance the business opportunities by mitigating the potential risk with the use of these systems. Problem definition Based on the research done on current IT field, I found that web 2.0 is very popular between everyone. And to relate it to more practical scenario, I decided to do a research on how this can be successfully put in to practice for the improvement of information sharing. Further, customer Management, which plays a key role in those companies and to find a better method to improve the customer Management through the information sharing with the new technology like web 2.0. Research questions The following research problems and questions can be used to analyze this problem to find an effective way to solve the problems. Main Question What are the important aspects of Customer Relationship Management in a retail outlet and how Information Technology can be used to enhance its functionality? (Enterprise resource planning systems and the use of web 2.0 for information sharing) Sub Questions What is CRM and what it means to retail organizations? The use of Information Technology in a retail outlet? Opportunities and risks of web 2.0 to a retail organization and the ways in which it can be handled to gain completive advantage over other competitors? How can retail organisation like ASDA, can incorporate information technology in to the business to improve its customer relationship management? The CRM models that can guide to build successful leading retail businesses. Aims and Objective Based on the research done on the retail outlet such as ASDA were customer relationship management plays a key role in its survival. With the current technological advancement the Information technology plays a key role. With such requirements, I found that web 2.0 is very popular between everyone. And to relate it to more practical scenario, I decided to do a research on how this can be successfully put in to practice for the improvement of information sharing. Further, customer Management, which plays a key role in those companies and to find a better method to improve the customer Management through the information sharing with the new technology like web 2.0. And also in this internet age everything done via web applications and therefore the Web 2.0 plays a key role in the future development of Business like retail outlets were customer uses internet to buy goods and services. Framework The related research is structured in the following way: As a primary step of the thesis undertaken, I would like to focus on the literature review to undergo a thorough study in the field of CRM to find out the risks and opportunities exist for an organization to adopt these popular tools to the improvement and productivity of the business. As a secondary step, with the knowledge gained from these studies, the survey is to be carried out in two phases. In the first phase of the survey involve designing and distributing survey questionnaires among the friends and colleges who works or shops at a retail outlet like ASDA with in UK . As a second phase of the survey involve follow up interviews with the respondents to gather further information in the relevant areas which are covered in the questionnaires. At the end the data collected through these phases are analysed to come up with some suggestions that can help the organization to attain benefits through IT. Gantt Chart It is a tool developed by Henry Gantt in 1917, to provide a simple visual representation of the task or activities that make up a research project. In this the research time scale can be divided into sub stages and each main activity can be scheduled according a time limit. The time we estimated each task is represented by the length of an associated horizontal bar, whilst the tasks start and finish times are represented on the tile line.(Mark Saunders, Philip Lewis, Adrian Thornhill, 2009) (Refer Appendix -1 -Dissertation schedule) Literature Review 2.1 Introduction about CRM. Wikipedia defines Customer relationship management (CRM) as a broadly recognized, widely-implemented strategy for managing and nurturing a companys interactions with clients and sales prospects (Wiki, 2010). CRM uses the technology is used to organize and automate business processes such as sales activities, marketing, customer service and technical support. But the ultimate goal of CRM is attract new clients, keep the existing clients happy and save cost in marketing and customer service. Many organizations build their own databases that describe about customer and their relationship with the organization that enable the management and sales people to offer products and services that suits the customer expectations. Generally the application architecture of the CRM has three important parts namely operational CRM, Analytical CRM and collaborative CRM. Operational CRM is to handle the front office business processes including customer service, marketing and sales, whereas the analytical CRM focus on analysing the customer segments based on the data collected within Operational CRM. Finally the collaborative CRM help the organization to interact with customers using all the available channels to find solution that bring all the entities together in order for the company to provide better service to its customers. The new technology inventions and the use of internet have brought new ways of doing business. The companys future success and its profitability is heavily depends on how that company treats its customers, that is why many companies including retailers invest heavily on improving the ways of doing business to improve customer satisfaction. Firms develop strategies and technologies for implementing better customer service management to be profitable in the current intensive and dynamic market environment (Pani and Venugopal, 2008). There are many current IT developments in the retail sector that can help the retailers to gain competitive advantage over its competitors. Following IT systems such as Self checkout systems, new multimedia displays, electronic shelf labelling, and fraud detection systems, U-Scan (the worlds widely used self checkout systems), Loss prevention software and Corema (helping retailers to create deliver and track loyalty programs and targeted offers and promotions) are used by many retailers to gain customer satisfaction. Further, the emerging technology like intelligent agents can be used as a tool to achieve e-CRM in internet. 2.2 Evaluation of Digital Media The rise of the internet in 90s created a new mechanism to distribute information among people. In the PC era the physical data is stored in digital form in to CDs and flash drives but, with the wide use of internet the web 2.0 technology emerged to enable two way , many to many communication via internet in the form of feedback, ideas, reviews and recommendations which encourages the participation of the interested parties. The following four developments are the crucial milestones that the internet media has gone through in the past decade. The primary development can be stated as the development of website communities that can be considered as an originator of the current time wikis and blogs, which is followed by the introduction of rich site summery (RSS) which is used to manage the frequently updated contents. The next milestone of this development process was the introduction of search engine marketing where the advertisement is returned just in time. The Googles Ad Words is one such example of this which helps many small businesses to reach many new customers. The final developments was the introduction of behavioural targeting which creates a profile based on the user history and other information to target the customers according to their preferences. (Shih,2009) 2.3 Web 2.0 The web communication technology field has emerged through different innovations. The latest revolution in this field is called Web 2.0 . It was considered as the first phase of web evolution. This concept was first identified during a conference brainstorming session between OReilly and MediaLive International. Web 2.0 doesnt have a hard defined boundary therefore, It can be simply described as a set of principles and practices that tie together a veritable solar system of sites that demonstrate some or all of those principles, at a varying distance from that core (O Reilly,2005). Finding a common definition for web 2.0 was a tedious task for the researchers. Therefore , we can come to a common understanding by analysing the definitions that are given by different researchers in this field. According to Tim OReilly: Web 2.0 is the business revolution in the computer industry caused by the move to the internet as platform, and an attempt to understand the rules for success on that new platform. Chief among those rules is this: Build applications that harness network effects to get better the more people use them. Former Vice President of Product Management at Google Adam Bosworth describes Web 2.0 as rich intelligent clients who share information across the web and deal with richer media (photos, sound, video). Although different people have different opinion about web 2.0, all of them agree that it is a better we communication platform which has the ability to harness collective intelligence, enhance the user participation and collaboration. Therefore, we all agree on the fact that it brings new cutting edge opportunity for the overall users. The second phase of the web evolution is emerging and it is called Web3.0 . During Web 1.0 era the contents are purely created by the producers for the users to share among them. But during the Web 2.0 the users have given the chance to participate equally in the content creation. Finally the Web 3.0 has brought the users more closely to the machines so that both the producers and users can create more interactive dynamic contents. Users and developers define Web 3.0 as personalization of the Web. The primary target of web 3.0 is connecting different set of data that is produced by different people in different places so that the limitations that exist in Web 2.0 can be eliminated to improve the benefits that it bring to the users (Pattal et al,2009) . 2.3.1 Characteristics of Web 2.0 Web 2.0 has created a new revolution in the field of internet technology. But still there is a big confusion exist among the experts about the nature of web 2.0. Some have the opinion that there is no significant different between web 1.0 and web 2.0 but, others believe that it is a unique and revolutionary thing. By looking at the characteristics of this technology one can agree that it is different from other technologies that are existed before. Let us look at the key characteristics which clearly differentiate web 2.0 services from earlier technologies :(Chaffey, 2009) Network as platform: Unlike web 1.0, the web 2.0 has the ability to run the software application through the browsers with out installing it locally. Here the network act as a platform which host those applications. Rich user experience and open culture: One of the key benefits of web 2.0 is that,, it allow the reuse of the contents that are contributed by the others which encourage the people to share their knowledge to create an open culture .This freedom in knowledge sharing will encourage the user participation that can create a collective intelligence which can be beneficial to the company as well as to the society as a whole. Always beta: One of the key feature of web 2.0 is a continuous improvement . The services are constantly updated to improve the functionalities that are available in those services. Scalability: Wiki defines scalability as a desirable property of a system, a network, or a process, which indicates its ability to either handle growing amounts of work in a graceful manner. It also a key feature of web 2.0 that make it more efficient than its predecessors. Tagging: Rather than having to rely on use of formal classification systems (which may not be meaningful to many users) tags can be created by users. The tags, which may also be meaningful to their peers, provide communal ways of accessing Web resources. Embedding: Many examples of Web 2.0 services allow the content to be embedded in third party Web sites, blogs, etc. User interactive: Web 2.0 sites uses latest response technologies like AJAX , CSS in their sites which make them more user attractive and the use of these technologies make the website more dynamic which can incorporate more information in a given space. Simple design: Most of the Web 2.0 applications like social networking sites, photo sharing sites like Flicker etc are focused on single purpose which makes the users to understand the system quickly and the simple design enhance the usability of the system. 2.3.2 Web 2.0 Applications Web 2.0 contains variety of services and tools that enable the people to learn, communicate , and access information effectively. Here are some of the popular tools and services that are used to facilitate the collaboration among the users(Virkus,2008): del.icio.us: Users can bookmark their favourite sites and can share that with other users. RSS: RSS stands for really simple syndication feeds. RSS feed give a typical way of updating the wide range of web users with the list of headlines, notices and the most current information that are updated automatically by the publisher. (Myhill et al, 2009). Open access repositories: It provides a new way of publishing so that information is available for the large range of interested audience specially it is usefull in assessing research where the researchers need high level of publicity. (Myhill et al, 2009) Blogs: Herring et al defines the Blog as, frequently modified web pages in which dated entries are listed in reverse chronological order and he specify that it can create a close connectivity among the bloggers who are linked with each other to comment on each others blogs . Also, a blog can function as an online journal which is written by individual or by a group of people , and the people who has the common interest can use the blogs as a tool to share , reflect and debate about this common topic within the community of practice (Baumer et al,2008) Podcasts and Video blogs: Geoghegan and Klass define podcasting as audio content available on the Internet that can be automatically delivered to your computer or MP3 player. The core of the podcasting is of creating audio or video contents for the audience in order for them to listen to it whenever that is convenient for them. The convenience in acquiring these contents relieve the users from the time spent on searching and downloading, and they can utilize this time on something more beneficial for the company. The most current developments in portable information like the iPod and smart phones have increased the popularity of podcasting among young professionals (Ractham and Zhang, 2006). The information relevant to any tasks undertaken by the employees is essential for them to complete them successfully. Therefore accessing the information with less effort will motivate the employees to accomplish their task with less cost. Through podcasting the relevant information like latest conferences regarding the current technologies and developments can be made available to the IT professionals, for them to access the task relevant information which will help them complete their tasks more efficiently with no rejection. 2.4 Enterprise 2.0 The enterprise social software is a very important component of enterprise 2.0 also known as ERP 2.0. It is social software that is used by the organizations to manage their internal and external communication. According to Carl Frappaolo and Dan Keldsen the Enterprise 2.0 can be defined as a system of web-based technologies that provide rapid and agile collaboration, information sharing, emergence and integration capabilities in the extended enterprise.(Wiki,2009). Generally the Web 2.0 refers to the technologies that are used to share information via internet, but the term Enterprise 2.0 is a specialized version of Web 2.0 which focus only on those platforms that companies can buy or build in order to make visible the practices and outputs of their knowledge workers. The technologies of Enterprise 2.0 such as search, links, authoring, tags and extensions provide an easy usability for the knowledge worker and it consist tools that can the help the knowledge work emerge from the workers which is an essential source for the productivity of the company.( McAfee, 2006). Over the years the initial novelty stage of Enterprise 2.0 has passed successfully by learning new things lessons through the challenges faced. Now the new practical focus is emerged on creating and managing of business communities, finding ways to deliver measurable business value and learning best ways through collaboration and social software. Many organizations are implementing enterprise 2.0 for their business which includes the components like enterprise social networking, wikis, and social CRM which can bring the potential benefits. (Hinchcliffe, 2009) . Research Design and Methodology 3.1 Introduction The research can give different meaning to different people. But simply research can be defined as a process of finding solutions to a problem after a thorough study and analysis of the situational factors( Sekaran and Bougie, 2003) . Any research can be categorised as academic or business research. The academic research is performed on scholar purpose which is not client oriented whereas, the business research is performed to investigate a specific problems in the work setting which are client oriented. The business research can be further classified as exploratory, descriptive and casual research based on the purpose of the research. The exploratory research is conducted to find out about any business opportunities, whereas the descriptive research is to describe the characteristics of people, groups, organizations or environments. But the purpose of casual research is to identify the cause and effect relationships. (Zikmund,2010) 3.2 Research process or Research methodology The research methodology or research process is influenced by the purpose of the research undertaken. Therefore it is very crucial to select an appropriate research process to attain successful results at the completion of the project. The study undertaken here follows a cyclic research process that contains a sequence of highly interrelated activities. As shown in the below figure, any research is started by selecting a research topic from the subject area related to your degree. Then further information has to be gathered about the topic by searching the literature of previous studies and other sources. Using the information gathered the general interest has to be narrowed down to a particular research problem that can be used to define the research questions. The next important step in the research process is the research design which starts with the research paradigm which is the framework that guides the research. After designing the research the relevant data should be collected using different data collection methods. According to the research paradigm the collected data should be analysed and presented in the thesis at the end of the research process. Choose a topic and search the Literature Review the literature and define the research problem /Research questions Design the research and write the proposal Collect the research data Analyse and interpret the research data Write the dissertation , thesis or research report Figure 3.1: Overview of Research process, Source: (Collis and Hussey,2009) 3.3 Research Approach The research process can be compared to a map, because there is no single right path that can be defined for a journey. The path one wants to take depends on where he wants to go and the resources that are allocated. Accordingly the research process that needs to be followed depends on the research undertaken and the resources and the time allocated to the specific project. (Zikmund, 2010) 3.4 Data collection methods Data collection methods are an important part of research design. The data that are collected during the research can be categorized as primary and secondary data. Primary data can be collected through the data collection methods like interviews and questionnaires whereas the secondary data can be gathered through books , periodicals ,government publications , media and company annual report. The time and cost can be saved through the use of secondary data but totally rely on the secondary data can have a risk of being obsolete (Sekaran and Bougie, 2010). 3.4.1 Interviewing Interviewing is one of the popular methods of collecting relevant data of the research undertaken. According to Kahn and Cannel the Interview can be defined as a discussion between two or more people. Interviews can be used to collect valid and reliable data which are relevant to the identified research questions and the objectives of the project. Interviews can be categorized as structured, semi structured or unstructured. Unstructured interviews dont contain any planned set of questions to be asked from the respondents. This will help to bring out some preliminary issues to the surface. Semi structured interviews are more flexible than the structured ones where the researcher got a theme of questions which can vary from one interview to the other. Finally the structured interviews are formal interviews which have identical standardized questions. A comprehensive study of CRM, CRM tools, Web2, ERP, and the importance of CRM in a retail outlet were carried through a literature survey. Questionnaire survey and interviews has been selected for the research methodology to conduct the selected research. The data that were collected through the questionnaires and interviews are recorded and the analysed under different criteria. At the end of the project time line, the findings of the research undertaken were presented in the final dissertation.